初中英语语法重点知识汇总
语法是初中英语学习的重要基础的阶段,想要学好语法,就要学会整理语法知识点。下面为大家总结了初中英语语法重点知识,供大家参考。 宾语从句知识点 引导宾语从句的词有: 连词that(在口语中that常可省略),if,whether,如: He knows that Jim will work hard. 连接代词who,whom,which等,如: Do you know who (whom) they are waiting for? 连接副词when,where,how,why等,如:Could you tell me how we can get to the station? 3.whether和if都有“是否”的意思,一般情况下两者可以换用,但在介词之后, 不定式之前,与or not连用,在句首或在引导表语从句,同位语从句时,只能用whether,如:I want to know if/whether the news is true.He doesn't know whether to stay or not? 4.宾语从句要用陈述句语序. 5.宾语从句一定要注意时态呼应,即:当主句谓语动词是过去式时,从句中谓语动 词也要用过去范畴的时态,但若从句陈述的是真理或客观规律,其谓语的时态仍用一般现在时,如: He asked who could answer the question. 名词知识点 名词可以分为专有名词(Proper Nouns)和普通名词 (Common Nouns),专有名词是某个(些)人,地方,机构等专有的名称,如Beijing,China等。普通名词是一类人或东西或是一个抽象概念的名词,如:book,sadness等。普通名词又可分为下面四类: 1)个体名词(Individual Nouns):表示某类人或东西中的个体,如:gun。 2)集体名词(Collective Nouns):表示若干个个体组成的集合体,如:family。 3)物质名词(Material Nouns):表示无法分为个体的实物,如:air。 4)抽象名词(Abstract Nouns):表示动作、状态、品质、感情等抽象概念,如:work。 零冠词的用法 1. 人名、地名、国名等专有名词前通常不用冠词: 例:(1) Mary; Tom; Jim; Miss Li; Mr. Zhang; Lei Feng (2) Beijing; Shanghai; London; Paris (3) England; China; Germany; South Africa 2. 称呼语前或表示官衔,职位、身份的名词前不加冠词; 例:(1) The guards took the American to General Lee. (2) Lincoln, president of the United States, was murdered in 1864. (3) In 1860, Lincoln became President of the United States. 3. 当名词前有this/that等指示代词、my/your等物主代词和some/any等词时,不用任何冠词; 例:(1) This is my computer.(2) That book is their teacher’s. 4. 年份、月份、星期、日期、季节、节日等名词前不用冠词: 例:in 1988 in August on Thursdayin springon August 8th We go to school from Monday to Friday. Children’s Day falls on the 1st June. 目标句型结构 1.I was so tired that I went to sleep early. I was so scared that I couldn’t move. so+形容词+that+句子:如此...以至于... 2.see/ watch/ hear/feel sb do sth. 看到/听到/感到某人做了某事 see/ watch/ hear/feel sb doing sth. 看到/听到/感到某人正在做某事 3.It’s +形容词+not to do sth. 不做某事是...的 4.感叹句句型: How+形容词/副词+主语(名词)+谓语 What a/an+形容词+单数名词+主语(人称代词)+谓语 What +形容词+名词复数/不可数名词+主语(人称代词)+谓语

初中英语语法重点知识总结
初中语法知识点是很关键的,它关乎着你将来的学习英语的基础,下面是初中英语重点语法知识点总结。 名词的四大类 1)个体名词(Individual Nouns):表示某类人或东西中的个体,如:gun。 2)集体名词(Collective Nouns):表示若干个个体组成的集合体,如:family。 3)物质名词(Material Nouns):表示无法分为个体的实物,如:air。 4)抽象名词(Abstract Nouns):表示动作、状态、品质、感情等抽象概念,如:work。 冠词的知识点 I 不定冠词 We need an apple and a knife. 我们需要一个苹果和一把刀子。 1.a和an的区别 不定冠词有a[+]和an[+Q]两种形式,a用于辅音(不是辅音字母)开头的词前。an用于元音(不是元音字母)开头的词前。 a boy, a university, a European country u是元音字母,但发音是[U(],是辅音。 an hour ,an honor ,an island h是辅音字母,但它不发音,它的音标是是元音。 an elephant, an umbrella, an egg 2(1)不定冠词的用法 ①泛指—类人或物。 eg. This is a pencil case. ②指不具体的某个人或物。 eg. I met an old man On my way home. ③用在序数词前,相当于another. eg. There’s a third boy near the shop. ④表示“每—(个)”,相当于every. eg. They have music lessons twice a week. 词类(Parts of Speech) (一)名词:英文名称The Noun(缩写为n.) 表示人或事物的名称 例词boy,clock,book等. (二)冠词:英文名称The Article(缩写为art.) 用在名词前帮助说明名词所指的人和或事物。 例词a(an),the. (三)代词:英文名称The Pronoun(缩写为pron) 用来代替名词、形容词或是数词 例词we,that,his,what. (四)形容词:英文名称The Adjective(缩写为adj.) 用以修饰名词,表示人或事物的特征。例词 old,red,fine,good. (五)数词:英文名称The Numeral(缩写为num.) 表示数量或是顺序。例词 one,thirteen,first. (六)动词:英文名称The Verb(缩写为v.) 表示动作或状态。例词sit,go,be(am,is,are). (七)副词:英文名称The Adverb(缩写为adv.) 修饰动词、形容词或其他副词。例词not,too,here,very. (八)介词:英文单词The Preposition(缩写为prep.) 表示名词、代词等和句中其他词的关系。 例词in,on,of,to,under. (九)连词:英文单词The Conjunction(缩写为conj.) 用来连接词与词、短语与短语或句与句。 例词and,or,but. (十)感叹词:英文单词The Interjection(缩写为interj.) 表示说话时的喜悦、惊讶等情感。 例词oh,hello,hi,er.

初中英语语法知识归纳
初中英语语法知识归纳 篇1 一、冠词 a / an 的用法 a用于辅音音素前 a useful book, a university an则用于元音音素前 an hour, an honest boy , an “A E F H I L M N O R S X” 二、定冠词the的用法: 1)特指双方都明白的人或物: Give me the book. 2)上文提到过的人或事: ---Do you know the lady in blue? –Yes, she is a teacher of a university. 3)指世上独一物二的事物the sun ( sky / moon/ earth/ world/ nature/ universe ) 4)单数名词连用表示一类事物,如:the dollar 美元; The lion is a wild animal.或与形容词或分词连用,表示一类人:the rich /poor/ blind/ aged / living / impossible 5)用在序数词和形容词最高级,及形容词only,very, same等前面:I live on the second floor. 6)用在表示身体部位的名词前: She caught me by the arm. 7)用在表示乐器和表方位的名词之前: She plays the piano violin guitar in the north of China 8)用在普通名词构成专有名词前: the People's Republic of China the United States the Great Wall the Summer Palace 9) 用在姓氏的复数名词之前,表示一家人:the Greens are playing the piano. 10) in the day, in the morning (afternoon,evening), in the middle (of), in the end, all the time at the same time on the whole, by the way, go to the cinema at he age of six at the beginning of the twenty-first century on the other side of at the moment the day after tomorrow the day before yesterday, the next morning, in the sky (water,field,country) in the dark, in the rain 三、不用定冠词的情况 1) 国名,人名前通常不用定冠词:China , Europe 欧洲 Lei Feng 雷锋 2)物质名词和抽象名词表示一般概念时,通常不加冠词;当表示特定的意思时,需要加定冠词Failure is the mother of success. 失败乃成功之母。 3)在季节、月份、节日、 假日、日期、星期等表示时间的名词之前,不加冠词; Children’s Day Mother’s Day Father’s Day 4)在称呼或表示官衔,职位的名词前不加冠词; He is captain of the team. 5)在三餐、四季,球类运动、学科、娱乐运动的名称前,不加冠词 如:have breakfast /supper / lunch,play basketball / football / volleyball / chess , in spring/summer/ autumn/ winter 初中英语语法知识归纳 篇2 1. 被动语态的基本时态变化 被动语态通常为十种时态的被动形式, 被动语态由be+过去分词构成,be随时态的变化而变化。以do为例,各种时态的被动语态形式为: 1) am/is/are +done (过去分词) 一般现在时 例:Visitors are requested not to touch the exhibits. 2) has /have been done 现在完成时 例:All the preparations for the task have been completed, and we're ready to start. 3) am/is /are being done 现在进行时 例:A new cinema is being built here. 4) was/were done 一般过去时 例:I was given ten minutes to decide whether I should reject the offer. 5) had been done 过去完成时 例: By the end of last year, another new gymnasium had been completed in Beijing. 6) was/were being done 过去进行时 例:A meeting was being held when I was there. 7) shall/will be done 一般将来时 例:Hundreds of jobs will be lost if the factory closes. 8) should/would be done 过去将来时 例:The news would be sent to the soldier's mother as soon as it arrived. 9) shall/will have been done 将来完成时(少用) 例:The project will have been completed before July. 2. 被动语态的特殊结构形式 1)带情态动词的被动结构。其形式为:情态动词+be+过去分词。 例:The baby should be taken good care of by the baby-sitter. 2) 有些动词可以有两个宾语,在用于被动结构时,可以把主动结构中的一个宾语变为主语,另一宾语仍然保留在谓语后面。通常变为主语的是间接宾语。 例:His mother gave him a present for his birthday. 可改为 He was given a present by his mother for his birthday. 3) 当“动词+宾语+宾语补足语”结构变为被动语态时,将宾语变为被动结构中的主语,其余不动。 例:Someone caught the boy smoking a cigarette. 可改为The boy was caught smoking a cigarette. 4)在使役动词have, make, get以及感官动词see, watch, notice, hear, feel, observe等后面不定式作宾语补语时,在主动结构中不定式to要省略,但变为被动结构时,要加to。 例:Someone saw a stranger walk into the building. 可改为A stranger was seen to walk into the building. 5) 有些相当于及物动词的动词词组,如“动词+介词”,“动词+副词”等,也可以用于被动结构,但要把它们看作一个整体,不能分开。其中的介词或副词也不能省略。 例The meeting is to be put off till Friday. 初中英语语法知识归纳 篇3 1)will/shall+动词原形 shall用于第一人称,常被will 所代替。will 在陈述句中用于各人称,在征求意见时常用于第二人称。will not=won't shall not=shan't例如: Which paragraph shall I read first? 我先读哪一段呢? Will you be at home at seven this evening? 今晚七点回家好吗? 2) be going to +不定式,表示将来。 a. 主语的意图,即将做某事。例如:What are you going to do tomorrow? 明天打算作什么呢? b. 计划,安排要发生的事。例如:The play is going to be produced next month。这出戏下月开播。 c. 有迹象要发生的事。例如:Look at the dark clouds, there is going to be a storm. 看那乌云,快要下雨了。 3) be +不定式表将来,按计划或正式安排将发生的事。例如: We are to discuss the report next Saturday.我们下星期六讨论这份报告。 4) be about to +不定式,意为马上做某事。例如: He is about to leave for Beijing. 他马上要去北京。 注意:be about to do 不能与tomorrow, next week 等表示明确将来时的时间状语连用。 Notice:be to和be going to be to 表示客观安排或受人指示而做某事,be going to 表示主观的打算或计划。例如: I am to play football tomorrow afternoon. 明天下午我去踢球。(客观安排) I'm going to play football tomorrow afternoon. 明天下午我想去踢球。(主观安排) 5)现在进行时表将来时 下列动词的现在进行时表示将来时 go.come.fly.leave.start.begin.finish.end.arrive and so on. she is leaving for Wuhan tomorrow. 6)一般现在时表将来 1)下列动词come, go, arrive, leave, start, begin, return的一般现在时可以表示将来,主要用来表示在时间上已确定或安排好的事情。例如: The train leaves at six tomorrow morning. 火车明天上午六点开。 When does the bus star? It stars in ten minutes. 汽车什么时候开?十分钟后。 2)以here, there等开始的倒装句,表示动作正在进行。 初中英语语法知识归纳 篇4 构词法: 英语构词法主要有:合成法、派生法和转换法。 1、合成法:如:spaceship, headache, basketball, playground等等。 2、派生法:(1)派生名词:①动词+er/or ②动词+ing ③动词+(t)ion ④形容词+ness ⑤其他,如:inventor, learner, swimming, congratulation, kindness, carelessness, knowledge (2)派生形容词:①名词+y ②名词+ful ③动词+ing/ed ④friendly ⑤dangerous ⑥Chinese; Japanese ⑦English ⑧French ⑨German ⑩国名+(i)an 如:snowy, sunny, hopeful, beautiful, interesting, following, daily(每日的),nervous, delicious (3)派生副词:①形容词+ly ②其它,如:slowly, angrily, full→fully, good→well, possible→possibly 3、转换法: (1)形容词→动词,如:dry(干燥的)→dry(弄干), clean(干净的)→clean(打扫,弄干净),等等。 (2)动词→名词,如:look, walk, rest, work, study, swim, go, talk等等。 (3)名词→动词,如:hand(手)→(传递),face(脸)→(面对)等等。 (4)形容词→副词,如:early→early, fast→fast等等。 (5)副词→连词,如:when(什么时候)→(当……时候),等等。 (6)介词→副词,如:in(到……里)→(在里面;在家),on(在…上)→(进行,继续) 名词: 1、英语名词可分专有名词和普通名词两大类: 1、专有名词是个别的人、地、物、团体、机构等的专用名称。 专有名词如果是含有普通名词的短语,则必须使用定冠词the。如:the Great Wall(长城) 姓氏名如果采用复数形式,则表示该姓氏一家人(复数含义),如:the Greens( 格林一家人)。 2、普通名词又分为可数名词和不可数名词。 2、英语可数名词的单复数:英语可数名词有单数和复数两种形式。 1hero→heroes, photo→photos, piano→pianos. 不可数名词一般没有复数形式,说明其数量时,要用有关计量名词。一盒牛奶: 3、名词所有格: 1、 名词所有格如:Childern’s Day(儿童节), my sister’s book(我姐姐的书) (2)以s或es结尾的复数名词。只在词尾加’。如:Teachers’ Day(教师节) (3)有些表示时间、距离以及世界、国家、城镇等无生命的名词,也可在词尾加’s. 如: today’s newspaper(今天的报纸), ten minutes’ break(十分钟的课间休息), (4)无论表示有生命还是无生命的东西的名词,一般均可用介词of短语来表示所有关系。如: 2、[注解]: ① ‘s还可以表示某人的家或者某个店铺,如:my aunt’s(我阿姨家), the doctor’s(诊所) ② 两人共有某物时,可以采用 A and B’s 的形式,如:Lucy and Lily’s bedroom(露西和丽丽合住的卧室) ③ “of+名词所有格/名词性物主代词”,称为双重所有格,如:a friend of my father’s(我父亲的一位朋友), a friend of mine(我的一位朋友) 4、名词或代词作主语时和谓语之间的单复数的一致问题: 1、谓语和谓语基本保持单复数的一致,即:主语是可数名词单数或不可数名词时,谓语动词用单数形式:如:The computer was a great invention.(计算机是个了不起的发明)The water in the glass is very cold.(玻璃杯里的水很冷) 2、集体名词(如family, class, team, group, row, police, school等)做句子主语时, ① 如果表示整体概念,则谓语用单数形式,如:Class Three is a very good class.(三班是好班) ② 如果表示其中的所有成员时,则谓语用复数形式,如:Class Three have a map of China.(三班有张中国地图) 3、Chinese, Japanese, fish, sheep, people等表示单个时谓语用单数,表示许多时,谓语用复数。如:There is a sheep in the yard.(院子里有只绵羊) / There are some sheep in the yard.(院子里有一些绵羊) 4、maths, news等虽然有s结尾,但不是复数,因此谓语仍用单数:The news is very exciting. (这个消息令人兴奋) 5、glasses, shoes, socks, trousers, gloves等名词往往用复数形式,故谓语用复数。如: The trousers are very cheap and I want to take them.(裤子很便宜,我想买) 6、a lot of 后跟名词复数时谓语用复数形式,跟不可数名词时谓语用单数形式。如:A lot of students are playing baseball now.(现在有许多学生在打垒球) A lot of time was wasted on that work.(大量的时间花在了那个工作上)(被动句) 7、and 连接两个名词做主语时,谓语原则上用复数,但是两个名词若构成一个整体事物时,谓语则用单数。如:The teacher and his son are picking apples now.(老师和他的儿子在摘苹果) / Fish and chips is very famous food. (鱼和薯条是一种出名的食品) 8、 there be 句型中be的单复数一般由靠近的名词决定。如:There is a table and four chairs in the room.(房间里有一张桌子和四张椅子) 9、用both…and…连接两个事物做主语时,谓语一般用复数。如:Both you and I are required to be here tomorrow.(你和我明天要求都来) 10、主语中含有with的短语时,谓语单复数由with之前的人物决定。如:A woman with a 7-year-old child was standing at the side of the road. (一名妇女带着一个七岁的'孩子(当时)就站在路边) 11、either…or…或者 neither…nor…连接两个人物做句子主语时,谓语采用就近原则。如:Either you or he is right.(要么是你对,要么是他对。/你和他有一个人是对的) / Neither you nor I am going there.(你和我都不打算去那里) 12、表示一段时间或长度概念的复数名词做主语时,谓语一般用单数。如:Two months is not a short time.(两个月不是个短时间)Two thousand kilometers is quite a long distance(距离).(两千千米是相当长的一段距离) 13、主语中含有half of… / (three quarters)of… / all (of) the ….等词语时,谓语的单复数由名词确定,如:Over three quarters of the information on the Internet is in English. / A third of the students were playing near the lake.(学生的三分之一(当时)正在湖边玩耍) / All of the water in these rivers has been polluted.(这些河流中的水已经被污染了)(被动句) 但是,population一词又有特殊情况: What’s the population of China?(中国人口是多少?)(句子用单数) / Three quarters of the population in this city are Arabs(阿拉伯人).(这个城市四分之三的人口是阿拉伯人)(句子用复数) 5、部分名词用法辨析: 1、sport、game、match、race 的区别:sport通常指“户外运动”,以锻炼为主,概念较大;game意思是“运动、比赛”,不管户内户外还是脑力体力,指以胜负为主的运动;match意为“竞赛、比赛”,多指正式比赛;race主要表示“赛跑、赛马、赛车”。如:People all around the world enjoy sports.(全世界的人都喜爱运动) / The 2008 Olympic Games will be held in Beijing.(2008奥运会将在北京举行)(被动句) / Our school football team won the league match(联赛).(我们学校足球队取得了联赛冠军) / They were strong and won the boat race.(汤他们很棒,赢得了划艇比赛) 2、festival、holiday、vacation的区别:festival“节日”,指喜庆的日子或持续一段时间的文娱活动;holiday(假日、休息日),指法定假日或风俗习惯,复数可以表示一个较长的假期;vacation“假期”,指学习或工作中一段长时间的休息。如:The Shanghai Television Festival will be held next month.(上海电视节将在下个月举行) / Sunday is a holiday and most people do not work.(星期天是个假日,多数人不工作) / What are you going to do during the summer vacation/holidays?(在暑期你打算做什么事情?) 3、journey、tour、trip、travel的区别:journey指在陆地上(或海上或空中)进行的长途旅行,不知终点,含有辛苦的意思;tour指途中作短期逗留的巡回旅行,强调游览多处,常用来指观光等;trip通常指往返定时的短途旅行,如出差度假等;travel多指长期或长途的观光旅行,尤其指到国外,没有明确目的地,也作不可数名词,指旅行这一行为。如:He made up his mind to make the journey to Dunhuang.(他拿定主意要去敦煌旅行)/ He has gone on a walking tour.(他步行观光去了) / He took several trips to Shanghai last yeaar.(去年他去了上海好几次) / Did you go to Santiago(圣地亚哥) during your travels?(旅行期间你去圣地亚哥了吗?) / Travelling through thick forests is dangerous.(在密林里边穿行是很危险的) 4、sound、noise、voice的区别:sound指各种声音;noise主要指“噪音”;voice指人的“嗓音”。如:The noise of the street kept me awake in the night.(街上的喧嚣声让我彻夜难眠) / All of a sudden there was the sound of shots and a cry.(突然间传来几声枪响和一声尖叫) / The singer has lost her ringing voice as a result of a bad cold.(因为感冒的缘故,这个歌唱家失去了她银铃般的嗓音) 5、fish的问题:指许多条鱼且不管种类时,用fish,单复数相同;fishes 指许多种类的鱼;fish指“鱼肉”时是不可数名词。如:There are many kinds of fishes in the pool. (池子里有很多种类的鱼)/ I prefer fish to meat.(与肉相比我更喜欢鱼) 代词: 1、代词的分类:英语中代词分为:人称代词、物主代词、反身代词、指示代词、关系代词、疑问代词、连接代词和不定代词等等。 2、人称代词:人称代词代替人和事物的名称,分为主格和宾格两种形式。

初中英语必备语法知识
对于大部分初中生来说,英语语法是十分难学的,不仅难理解,不好记忆,部分复发内容还很容易混淆。下面是我为大家整理的关于初中英语必备语法知识,希望对您有所帮助。欢迎大家阅读参考学习! 初中英语语法知识总结 一、时间状语从句种类 1、引导的从句表示主从句的动作同时发生,或从句的动作在主句之前。when引导的从句的谓语动词可以是延续性的动词,又可以是瞬时动词。例如: When she came in, I stopped eating.她进来时,我停止吃饭。(瞬时动词) When I lived in the countryside, I used to carry some water for him.当我住在农村时,我常常为他担水。(延续性的动词) We were about to leave when he came in.我们就要离开,就在那时他进来了。 2、While引导的从句的谓语动作必须是延续性的,并强调主句和从句的动作同时发生(或者相对应)。并且while有时还可以表示对比。例如:While my wife was reading the newspaper, I was watching TV. (was reading是延续性的动词,was reading和was watching同时发生)I like playing football while you like playing basketball.我喜欢踢足球,而你喜欢打篮球。(对比) 3、As表示“一边……一边”,as引导的动作是延续性的动作,一般用于主句和从句动作同时发生;as也可以强调“一先一后。例如:We always sing as we walk.我们总是边走边唱。(as表示”一边……一边“)As we was going out, it began to snow.当我们出门时,开始下雪了。(as强调句中两个动作紧接着先后发生,而不强调开始下雪的特定时间) 4、由before和after引导的时间状语从句,表示两个动作一前一后发生。 例如:It will be four days before they come back. 他们要过四天才能回来。 After you think it over, please let me know what you decide.你仔细考虑过以后,告诉我你是怎样决定的。 5、由till或until引导的时间状语从句。till和until一般情况下两者可以互换,但是在强调句型中多用until.并且要注意的是:如果主句中的谓语动词是瞬时动词时,必须用否定形式;如果主句中的谓语动词是延续性动词时,用肯定或否定形式都可以,但表达的意思不同。till不可以用在句首,而until可以放在句首。例如: I didn't go to bed until(till)my father came back.直到我父亲回来我才上床睡觉。 I worked until he came back.我工作到他回来为止。 初中英语语法知识归纳 感叹句(Exclamatory Sentence) 感叹句通常有what, how引导,表示赞美、惊叹、喜 悦、等感情。 what修饰名词,how 修饰形容词,副词或动词,感叹句结构主要有以下几种: 掌握它的搭配,即掌握了感叹句的重点。 How +形容词+ a +名词+ 陈述语序 How+形容词或副词+ 陈述语序 What +名词+ 陈述语序 What+a+形容词+名词+ 陈述语序 What+ 形容词+复数名词+ 陈述语序 What+ 形容词+不可数名词+ 陈述语序 How clever a boy he is! How lovely the baby is! What noise they are making! What a clever boy he is! What wonderful ideas (we have)! What cold weather it is! 感叹句的省略形式为: What a clever boy (he is)! 定义:表达强烈情绪(喜、怒、哀、乐、惊、恐等)的句子叫做感叹句。 强烈情绪的表达通常有下列三种方式: (a)使用感叹词; (b)只用情绪感觉的语词,例如: Water! Water! Quick! (水!水!快!——如救火或救人时。) What taste! (这是什么味道啊!——如吃到怪味时) (c)使用“How…!”或“What(a)…!”的句式,例如: How beautiful you are, Helen! (海伦,你是多么美!) 初中英语语法知识 可数名词的复数形式 1.可数名词的复数形式的规则变化: 1)一般情况,直接词尾加s, 读音:在清辅音后读/s/,在浊辅音和元音后读/z/,在t后读/ts/,在d后读/dz/,在以元音字母加y结尾的单词中,读/z/ 如:cake-cakes,day-days ,student-students, bed-beds 2)以s,x,sh,ch等结尾的词,加es,读/ⅠZ/, 如bus-buses, class-classes, watch-watches 3)以辅音字母加y结尾的词,变y为i加es,读/z/ 如:baby-babies, city-cities, country-countries, lady-ladies 4)部分以f(fe)结尾的词,变f(fe)为ves,读/vz/ 如:leaf-leaves, wolf-wolves, life-lives 5)以ce,se,ze,(d)ge等结尾的词,加s,读/ⅠZ/ 如:face-faces, orange-oranges 2.不规则变化 1)单复同形:fish-fish,sheep-sheep, deer-deer, Chinese-chinese, Japanse 2)个别字母变化:man-men, woman-women, foot-feet 其他:mouse-mice 某国人变复数 中国人:a Chinese-chinese 某国人:an Enlishman-Englishmen 阿拉伯人:an Arab-Arabs 口诀:中日不变英法变,其余s加后面 3)以-o结尾的名词,加es 记忆口诀:黑人英雄爱吃土豆西红柿 而一般情况下加s: zoo-zoos, radio-radios 4)复合名词前面的名词是man,woman变复数时,构成复合名词的两个名词全都要变成复数形式;若其他词,变复数时,只需把后面的名词变成复数形式。 a man teacher—men teachers a boy student-boy students 5)字母、数字、引语或缩略(词)语的复数形式是其后加’s或s There are two f’s in the word “office”. Many VIPs are coming to our city. 6)有些以f或fe结尾的词直接加s变成复数 roof-roofs, belief-beliefs, proof-proofs, chief-chiefs 相关文章: 1. 初一英语期末必考12个语法知识点 2. 初中英语必须掌握的19个重点语法知识点 3. 初一英语语法知识必考的12个语法点 4. 初中英语五种语法知识点总结 5. 初一英语全册语法知识点汇总

初中英语语法知识大全
众所周知,英语语法作为英语的核心,就好比我们语文的语序,修辞手法等的运用,要想学好英语,它的语法是很重要的。 一.名词 名词的种类: II. 名词的数: 1. 规则名词的复数形式:名词的复数形式,一般在单数形式后面加-s或-es。现将构成方法与读音规则列表如下: 2. 不规则名词复数:英语里有些名词的复数形式是不规则的,现归纳如下: III. 名词的所有格: 名词在句中表示所有关系的语法形式叫做名词所有格。所有格分两种:一是名词词尾加’s构成,二是由介词of加名词构成。前者多表示有生命的东西,后者多表示无生命的东西。 1. ’s所有格的构成: 2. ’s所有格的用法: 3. of所有格的用法: 用于无生命的东西:the legs of the chair, the cover of the book 用于有生命的东西,尤其是有较长定语时:the classrooms of the first-year students 用于名词化的词:the struggle of the oppressed 二.冠词 冠词分为不定冠词(a, an),定冠词(the),和零冠词。 不定冠词的用法: II. 定冠词的用法: III. 零冠词的用法: 三.代词: 代词可以分为以下七大类: 四.形容词和副词 形容词: 1. 形容词的位置: 2) 多个形容词修饰同一个名词的顺序: 3) 复合形容词的构成: 副词 副词的分类: III. 形容词和副词比较等级: 形容词和副词的比较等级分为原级,比较级和最高级。比较级和最高级的构成一般是在形容词和副词后加-er和-est,多音节和一些双音节词前加more 和most。 1. 同级比较时常常用 as…as…以及not so(as)…as…如:I am not so good a player as you are. 2. 可以修饰比较级的词有:much, many, a lot, even, far, a bit, a little, still, yet, by far, any, a great deal。 3. 表示一方随另一方变化时用“the more…the more…”句型。如:The harder you work, the more progress you will make. 4. 用比较级来表达最高级的意思。如:I have never spent a more worrying day. 5. 表示倍数的比较级有如下几种句型: Our school is three times larger than yours./Our school is four times as large as yours./Our school is four times the size of yours. 6. 表示“最高程度“的形容词没有最高级和比较级。如:favourite, excellent, extreme, perfect。
